In the 1970s, Yamaha's YBS-61 was keyed to low A with no low B ♭ option, and by the 1980s most baritones were being manufactured with a low A bell. Selmer Paris began producing low A versions of the Mark VI baritone saxophone in the late 1950s which had a bell that had been designed separately from the low B ♭ version (such a bell may have been a custom-order option before this time), and these instruments do not generally suffer from the same intonation problems as horns with a cylindrical extension. The simplest way was to add a cylindrical section between the bell and bow to provide the extra length and tone hole, and some makers produced and sold instruments built this way, but these horns generally suffer from intonation problems in the lowest few notes and players often consider their tone poor as well. From the 1930s through the 1950s, manufacturers experimented with extending the bell to add a low A key to the instrument. This method is still used today by some players. This made the low B ♭ inaccessible and low B out of tune. This low B ♭ is a concert D ♭ on baritone saxophone, and players began creating 'low A pipes' to insert into the bell to extend the range to the very useful concert C just below that (low A on the baritone sax). Īll saxophones were originally keyed to low B, but a low B ♭ mechanism was patented in 1887 and by 1910 this was standard for most saxophones including baritones. The family consisting of saxophones in the keys of B ♭ and E ♭ was more successful because of their popularity in military bands. Though a design for an F baritone saxophone is included in the C and F family of saxophones, no known F baritones exist. The family was divided into two groups of seven saxophones each, from the soprano to the contrabass. Sax believed these instruments would provide a useful tonal link between the woodwinds and brasses. The baritone saxophone was created in 1846 by the Belgian instrument maker Adolphe Sax as one of a family of 14 instruments. Modern baritone saxophones are pitched in E ♭. It can also be found in other ensembles such as rock bands and marching bands. It is commonly used in concert bands, chamber music, military bands, big bands, and jazz combos. Like all saxophones, it is a single-reed instrument. It is the lowest-pitched saxophone in common use - the bass, contrabass and subcontrabass saxophones are relatively uncommon. The baritone saxophone (sometimes abbreviated to "bari sax") is a member of the saxophone family of instruments, larger (and lower-pitched) than the tenor saxophone, but smaller (and higher-pitched) than the bass.
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